How long does surgery take?
Hip arthroscopy is typically a day procedure, meaning most patients can return home the same day. The actual surgery time usually ranges from one to two hours, depending on the complexity of the condition being treated. For example, a simple procedure to remove loose fragments from the joint may take less than an hour, while more extensive repairs such as treating a labral tear or reshaping bone in cases of femoroacetabular impingement can take closer to two hours. In addition to the surgical time, patients should allow extra time for preoperative preparation and post-operative recovery in the hospital. The surgical team takes time before the operation to position the hip safely, sterilise the area, and ensure the arthroscopic equipment is correctly placed. After surgery, patients spend some time in the recovery area while the effects of anaesthesia wear off and initial monitoring is completed. Altogether, including preparation and recovery, most people spend three to four hours in the hospital on the day of surgery. While the operation itself is considered minimally invasive, every patient’s situation is unique. The duration can vary based on factors such as previous surgeries, joint stiffness, or the amount of work required to correct structural problems. The surgeon will discuss the expected timeframe with each patient prior to the operation so that realistic expectations can be set.
What type of anaesthesia is used?
Hip arthroscopy is generally performed under either general or regional anaesthesia. General anaesthesia ensures that the patient is completely asleep and unaware during the procedure. Regional anaesthesia, often in the form of a spinal or epidural block, numbs the lower part of the body while the patient remains awake but comfortable and relaxed. The choice between these options depends on the patient’s overall health, personal preference, and the anaesthetist’s assessment. In most cases, general anaesthesia is recommended for comfort and to allow the surgeon to position the hip optimally during the operation. Before surgery, patients meet with an anaesthetist to discuss medical history, allergies, and any prior reactions to anaesthetic medications. The anaesthetist explains the risks, benefits, and recovery expectations associated with each type. During the procedure, the anaesthetic team carefully monitors vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen levels to ensure safety. After the surgery, the effects of anaesthesia wear off gradually, and patients are observed in a recovery area until they are fully alert and comfortable. Some may experience mild drowsiness, nausea, or a dry throat, which typically resolves within a few hours. Pain relief is also managed through local anaesthetic injections or oral medications. Overall, modern anaesthetic techniques are highly safe, and complications are rare when performed by experienced professionals.
Will I stay overnight in hospital?
Many patients go home the same day or after an overnight stay, depending on the specifics of the procedure and their post-operative recovery.
Will I need physiotherapy after surgery?
Physiotherapy plays a central role in recovery following hip arthroscopy. Although the procedure is minimally invasive, it still involves manipulation and repair of delicate tissues inside the hip joint, which need structured rehabilitation to heal properly. Physiotherapy usually begins within the first few days after surgery, starting with gentle exercises to maintain mobility and prevent stiffness. As the healing process progresses, the physiotherapist introduces strengthening and stability exercises to restore muscle balance and improve joint function. Early rehabilitation focuses on controlled movement and reducing inflammation. Weight-bearing may be limited initially, with the use of crutches for one to two weeks depending on the extent of the procedure. Once healing advances, more active therapy aims to rebuild hip strength and flexibility. Physiotherapy also helps address gait patterns and posture to prevent compensatory strain on other joints such as the lower back and knees. Regular sessions with a physiotherapist, combined with a tailored home exercise program, are key to achieving the best possible outcome. Most patients continue therapy for six to twelve weeks, though this can vary depending on the individual’s fitness level and surgical findings. A well-structured physiotherapy plan supports safe return to normal daily activities, sports, or work, and helps reduce the risk of future injury or recurring hip pain.
What is the recovery time?
Recovery from hip arthroscopy is a gradual process that unfolds over several stages. In the immediate postoperative period, swelling and discomfort are common but generally manageable with prescribed medications and ice therapy. Most patients can bear partial weight on the operated leg within a few days, often with the aid of crutches. By the second or third week, pain and stiffness begin to ease, allowing for increased movement and gentle stretching. Full recovery typically takes between three and six months, though this can vary based on the type of surgical repair and individual factors such as age, general fitness, and adherence to physiotherapy. The first six weeks are particularly important for protecting the joint and following activity restrictions set by the surgeon. During this time, physiotherapy focuses on restoring motion and muscle activation. From six to twelve weeks, exercises become more challenging, aiming to rebuild strength, endurance, and coordination. Many patients report significant improvement in comfort and mobility by the three-month mark. However, complete recovery of athletic function or demanding physical work may take longer. Long-term results are often excellent, provided patients follow rehabilitation guidelines and avoid high-impact activities until cleared by their surgeon.
When can I return to sports or work?
Returning to sports or work after hip arthroscopy depends on the individual’s healing progress, the nature of the surgery, and the physical demands of their occupation or sport. Office-based or sedentary work may be resumed within two to four weeks, provided the patient can sit comfortably and move around periodically. Jobs requiring prolonged standing, heavy lifting, or manual labour may require six to twelve weeks or longer before full duties can be resumed. As for sports, the return timeline varies widely. Low-impact activities such as cycling, swimming, or using an elliptical trainer are often allowed after six to eight weeks, depending on recovery milestones. High-impact sports, including running, football, or tennis, generally require at least three to six months before full participation is safe. The physiotherapist plays a key role in assessing readiness by testing strength, balance, and agility. Attempting to return too early can increase the risk of re-injury or prolonged pain. Patience and adherence to a structured rehabilitation plan are essential for achieving a durable recovery.
When can I return to normal activities?
The timeline for returning to normal activities after hip arthroscopy depends on the type of procedure performed and the individual’s overall health and recovery progress. Generally, patients can resume light daily activities such as walking short distances and basic household tasks within one to two weeks. Driving is typically possible once mobility and comfort have improved enough to operate the pedals safely, which is often around two to three weeks post-surgery for the left hip, or slightly longer for the right hip. Office-based work can usually be resumed after two to four weeks, provided sitting and standing positions are alternated regularly to avoid stiffness. Activities that involve prolonged standing, lifting, or twisting may require a longer recovery period. Patients should gradually reintroduce physical activity under guidance from their surgeon and physiotherapist, who will assess strength, range of motion, and balance before approving more demanding movements. Low-impact exercises such as swimming or cycling are often encouraged after six weeks, as they help maintain cardiovascular fitness without overloading the joint. Returning to full physical function, including recreational sports, may take several months depending on the specific surgical repair and adherence to rehabilitation exercises. The key is to progress gradually and avoid pushing the hip beyond its healing capacity to prevent setbacks or reinjury.
Is hip arthroscopy suitable for everyone?
Not always. Suitability depends on your diagnosis, joint condition, and general health. Dr Khoo will assess your case individually and discuss whether hip arthroscopy is an appropriate treatment option.
What are the potential risks?
While hip arthroscopy is considered a safe and effective procedure, all surgeries carry some degree of risk. The most common minor risks include temporary swelling, bruising, and mild numbness around the hip or thigh due to the traction used during surgery. Infection is rare but possible, typically occurring in less than one percent of cases, and is managed with antibiotics if necessary. Blood clots (deep vein thrombosis) are another uncommon but serious risk, especially in patients with limited mobility after surgery. Other potential complications include joint stiffness, persistent pain, or incomplete symptom relief if underlying joint damage is extensive. In rare cases, nerve irritation can occur, leading to temporary weakness or altered sensation in the leg. Damage to cartilage or other structures within the joint is also a small possibility, though modern arthroscopic techniques have greatly reduced this risk. The surgeon takes careful measures to minimise complications, including maintaining sterile technique, using gentle traction, and limiting surgical time. Most patients recover well with minimal issues, especially when postoperative instructions and physiotherapy plans are followed diligently.
How can I prepare for surgery?
Preparing for hip arthroscopy involves both physical and practical steps to ensure a smooth experience and recovery. Before surgery, the patient will undergo medical assessments, including blood tests and imaging such as MRI scans, to confirm the diagnosis and surgical plan. It is important to inform the surgical team of all medications, including supplements, as some may need to be paused before the procedure to reduce bleeding risk. Fasting for several hours before surgery is required, and patients should arrange transport home afterward since driving is not permitted on the day of anaesthesia. Preparing the home environment can also make recovery easier. Setting up a comfortable resting area, removing tripping hazards, and organising commonly used items at waist height can help avoid strain. Patients should plan for assistance with daily activities during the first week, particularly if crutches will be needed. Strengthening exercises or gentle stretching prescribed before surgery may improve postoperative outcomes by keeping muscles conditioned. Mental preparation also plays a role—understanding what to expect before, during, and after surgery helps reduce anxiety and promotes confidence in the recovery process.
